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NEW QUESTION # 42
Richard Roxburgh works as a cloud security engineer in an IT company. His organization was dissatisfied with the services of its previous cloud service provider. Therefore, in January 2020, his organization adopted AWS cloud-based services and shifted all workloads and data in the AWS cloud. Richard wants to provide complete security to the hosted applications before deployment and while running in the AWS ecosystem.
Which of the following automated security assessment services provided by AWS can be used by Richard to improve application security and check the application for any type of vulnerability or deviation from the best practices automatically?
- A. AWS CloudFormation
- B. Amazon CloudFront
- C. AWS Control Tower
- D. Amazon Inspector
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Amazon Inspector: It is an automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS1.
* Automated Scans: Amazon Inspector automatically scans workloads, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, and Lambda functions, for vulnerabilities and unintended network exposure1.
* Security Best Practices: It checks for deviations from best practices and provides detailed findings that include information about the nature of the threat, the affected resources, and recommendations for remediation1.
* Integration with AWS: As an AWS-native service, Amazon Inspector is well-integrated into the AWS ecosystem, making it suitable for Richard's requirements to secure applications before deployment and while running1.
* Exclusion of Other Options: AWS CloudFormation is used for infrastructure as code, AWS Control Tower for governance, and Amazon CloudFront for content delivery, none of which are automated security assessment services1.
References:
* AWS's official page on Amazon Inspector1.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Katie Holmes has been working as a cloud security engineer over the past 7 years in an MNC. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the cloud service provider could not provide cloud services efficiently to her organization. Therefore, Katie suggested to the management that they should design and build their own data center. Katie's requisition was approved, and after 8 months, Katie's team successfully designed and built an on-premises data center. The data center meets all organizational requirements; however, the capacity components are not redundant. If a component is removed, the data center comes to a halt. Which tier data center was designed and constructed by Katie's team?
- A. Tier II
- B. Tier IV
- C. Tier I
- D. Tier III
Answer: C
Explanation:
Data center
Explore
The data center designed and constructed by Katie Holmes' team is a Tier I data center based on the description provided.
* Tier I Data Center: A Tier I data center is characterized by a single path for power and cooling and no redundant components. It provides an improved environment over a simple office setting but is susceptible to disruptions from both planned and unplanned activity1.
* Lack of Redundancy: The fact that removing a component brings the data center to a halt indicates there is no redundancy in place. This is a defining characteristic of a Tier I data center, which has no built-in redundancy to allow for maintenance without affecting operations1.
* Operational Aspects:
* Uptime: A Tier I data center typically has an uptime of 99.671%.
* Maintenance: Any maintenance or unplanned outages will likely result in downtime, as there are no alternate paths or components to take over the load1.
References:
* Data centre tiers - Wikipedia1.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Allen Smith works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. Using an intrusion detection system, the incident response team of this company identified that an attacker has been continuously attacking the organization's AWS services. The team leader asked Allen to track the changes made to AWS resources and perform security analysis. Which AWS service can provide the AWS API call history for AWS accounts, including calls made via the AWS Management Console or Command Line tools, AWS Software Development Kits, and other AWS services to Allen?
- A. AWS CloudFormation
- B. Amazon CloudTrail
- C. Amazon CloudFront
- D. Amazon CloudWatch
Answer: B
Explanation:
Amazon CloudTrail: AWS CloudTrail is a service that enables governance, compliance, operational auditing, and risk auditing of your AWS account1.
API Call History: It provides an event history of your AWS account activity, including actions taken through the AWS Management Console, AWS SDKs, command line tools, and other AWS services1.
Security Analysis: The AWS API call history produced by CloudTrail enables security analysis, resource change tracking, and compliance auditing1.
Operational Auditing: CloudTrail continuously monitors and logs account activity across all AWS services, including actions taken by a user, role, or AWS service1.
Compliance Auditing: CloudTrail logs provide detailed records of all API calls, which can be used to audit compliance with regulatory standards like HIPAA and PCI2.
Reference:
AWS Security Hub documentation on CloudTrail controls1.
Medium article on exploring AWS CloudTrail2.
NEW QUESTION # 45
A security incident has occurred within an organization's AWS environment. A cloud forensic investigation procedure is initiated for the acquisition of forensic evidence from the compromised EC2 instances. However, it is essential to abide by the data privacy laws while provisioning any forensic instance and sending it for analysis. What can the organization do initially to avoid the legal implications of moving data between two AWS regions for analysis?
- A. Provision and launch a forensic workstation
- B. Mount the evidence volume on the forensic workstation
- C. Attach the evidence volume to the forensic workstation
- D. Create evidence volume from the snapshot
Answer: D
Explanation:
When dealing with a security incident in an AWS environment, it's crucial to handle forensic evidence in a way that complies with data privacy laws. The initial step to avoid legal implications when moving data between AWS regions for analysis is to create an evidence volume from the snapshot of the compromised EC2 instances.
* Snapshot Creation: Take a snapshot of the compromised EC2 instance's EBS volume. This snapshot captures the state of the volume at a point in time and serves as forensic evidence.
* Evidence Volume Creation: Create a new EBS volume from the snapshot within the same AWS region to avoid cross-regional data transfer issues.
* Forensic Workstation Provisioning: Provision a forensic workstation within the same region where the evidence volume is located.
* Evidence Volume Attachment: Attach the newly created evidence volume to the forensic workstation for analysis.
References:Creating an evidence volume from a snapshot is a recommended practice in AWS forensics. It ensures that the integrity of the data is maintained and that the evidence is handled in compliance with legal requirements12. This approach allows for the preservation, acquisition, and analysis of data without violating data privacy laws that may apply when transferring data across regions12.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Christina Hendricks recently joined an MNC as a cloud security engineer. Owing to robust provisions for storing an enormous quantity of data, security features, and cost-effective services offered by AWS, her organization migrated its applications and data from an on-premises environment to the AWS cloud. Christina's organization generates structured, unstructured, and semi-structured dat a. Christina's team leader asked her to store block-level data in AWS storage services. Which of the following AWS storage services should be used by Christina to store block-level data?
- A. Amazon Glacier
- B. Amazon EBS
- C. Amazon S3
- D. Amazon EFS
Answer: B
Explanation:
Block-Level Storage: Block-level storage is a type of data storage typically used for storing file systems and handling raw storage volumes. It allows for individual management of data blocks1.
Amazon EBS: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides high-performance block storage service designed for use with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) for both throughput and transaction-intensive workloads at any scale2.
Data Types: Amazon EBS is suitable for structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data, making it a versatile choice for Christina's organization's needs2.
Use Cases: Common use cases for Amazon EBS include databases, enterprise applications, containerized applications, big data analytics engines, file systems, and media workflows2.
Exclusion of Other Options: Amazon Glacier is for long-term archival storage, Amazon EFS is for file storage, and Amazon S3 is for object storage. These services do not provide block-level storage like Amazon EBS does3.
Reference:
AWS's official page on Amazon EBS2.
AWS's explanation of block storage1.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Jordon Bridges works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. His organization uses Google cloud-based services (GC) because Google cloud provides robust security services, better pricing than competitors, improved performance, and redundant backup. Using IAM security configuration, Jordon implemented the principle of least privilege. A GC IAM member could be a Google account, service account, Google group, G Suite, or cloud identity domain with an identity to access Google cloud resources. Which of the following identities is used by GC IAM members to access Google cloud resources?
- A. For Google Account, Google group, and service account, the identity used is an email address, whereas in G Suite and cloud identity domain, the identity used is the domain name.
- B. For Google Account, Google group, and G suite, the identity used is an email address, whereas in service account and cloud identity domain, the identity used is the domain name.
- C. For Google Account, Google group, and G suite, the identity used is the domain name, whereas in service account and cloud identity domain, the identity used is an email address.
- D. For Google Account, Google group, and service account, the identity used is the domain name, whereas in G Suite and cloud identity domain, the identity used is an email address.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Google Cloud IAM Members: In Google Cloud IAM, members can be individuals or entities that interact with Google Cloud resources. These members are assigned roles that grant them permissions to perform specific actions1.
* Identity Types: The identities used by IAM members to access Google Cloud resources are typically email addresses or domain names, depending on the type of member1.
* Email Address as Identity: For a Google Account, Google group, and service account, the identity is generally an email address. This email address is used to uniquely identify the member within Google Cloud's IAM system1.
* Domain Name as Identity: For G Suite and Cloud Identity domains, the identity is the domain name associated with the organization's account. This domain name represents the collective identity of the organization within Google Cloud1.
* Access to Resources: IAM members use these identities to authenticate and gain access to Google Cloud resources as per the permissions defined by their assigned roles1.
References:
* Medium article on IAM Demystified1.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Veronica Lauren has an experience of 4 years as a cloud security engineer. Recently, she joined an IT company as a senior cloud security engineer. In 2010, her organization became a victim of a cybersecurity attack in which the attacker breached her organization's cloud security perimeter and stole sensitive information. Since then, her organization started using Google cloud-based services and migrated the organizational workload and data in the Google cloud environment. Veronica would like to detect security breaches in her organization's cloud security perimeter. Which of the following built-in service of Google Security Command Center can help Veronica in monitoring her organization's cloud logging stream and collect logs from one or multiple projects to detect security breaches such as the presence of malware, brute force SSH attempts, and cryptomining?
- A. Security Health Analytics
- B. Event Threat Detection
- C. Web Security Scanner
- D. Container Threat Detection
Answer: B
Explanation:
To monitor the organization's cloud logging stream and detect security breaches, Veronica Lauren can utilize the Event Threat Detection service within Google Security Command Center.
Event Threat Detection: This built-in service of Google Security Command Center is designed to monitor cloud logs across multiple projects and detect threats such as malware, brute force SSH attempts, and cryptomining1. It uses threat intelligence and advanced analytics to identify and alert on suspicious activity in real time.
Functionality:
Log Analysis: Event Threat Detection continuously analyzes the logs generated by Google Cloud services.
Threat Detection: It automatically detects the presence of threats like malware, SSH brute force attempts, and cryptomining activities.
Alerts and Findings: When a potential threat is detected, Event Threat Detection issues findings that are integrated into the Security Command Center dashboard for further investigation.
Why Not the Others?:
Web Security Scanner: This service is primarily used for identifying security vulnerabilities in web applications hosted on Google Cloud, not for monitoring logs for security breaches.
Container Threat Detection: While this service is useful for detecting runtime threats in containers, it does not provide the broad log analysis capabilities that Event Threat Detection offers.
Security Health Analytics: This service provides automated security scanning to detect misconfigurations and compliance violations in Google Cloud resources, but it is not specifically focused on the real-time threat detection provided by Event Threat Detection.
Reference:
Security Command Center overview | Google Cloud1.
NEW QUESTION # 49
A mid-sized company uses Azure as its primary cloud provider for its infrastructure. Its cloud security analysts are responsible for monitoring security events across multiple Azure resources (subscriptions, VMs, Storage, and SQL databases) and getting threat intelligence and intelligent security analytics throughout their organization. Which Azure service would the security analysts use to achieve their goal of having a centralized view of all the security events and alerts?
- A. Azure Monitor
- B. Azure RBAC
- C. Azure CDN
- D. Azure Sentinel
Answer: D
Explanation:
Azure Sentinel is a scalable, cloud-native, security information event management (SIEM) and security orchestration automated response (SOAR) solution. It provides intelligent security analytics and threat intelligence across the enterprise, making it the ideal service for cloud security analysts to have a centralized view of all security events and alerts.
Here's how Azure Sentinel can be utilized:
Centralized Security Management: Azure Sentinel aggregates data from all Azure resources, including subscriptions, VMs, Storage, and SQL databases.
Threat Detection: It uses advanced analytics and the power of AI to identify threats quickly and accurately.
Proactive Hunting: Security analysts can proactively search for security threats using the data collected by Sentinel.
Automated Response: It offers automated responses to reduce the volume of alerts and improve the efficiency of security operations.
Integration: Sentinel integrates with various sources, not just Azure resources, providing a comprehensive security view.
Reference:
Microsoft's documentation on Azure Sentinel, which details its capabilities for centralized security event monitoring and threat intelligence1.
NEW QUESTION # 50
Rachel McAdams works as a cloud security engineer in an MNC. A DRaaS company has provided a disasterrecovery site to her organization. The disaster recovery sites have partially redundant equipment with daily or weekly data synchronization provision; failover occurs within hours or days with minimum data loss. Based on this information, which of the following disaster recovery sites is provided by the DRaaS company to Rachel's organization?
- A. Warm Site
- B. Hot Site
- C. Cold Site
- D. Remote site
Answer: A
Explanation:
The description provided indicates that the disaster recovery site is a Warm Site. Here's why:
Partially Redundant Equipment: Warm sites are equipped with some of the system hardware, software, telecommunications, and power sources.
Data Synchronization: They have provisions for daily or weekly data synchronization, which aligns with the description given.
Failover Time: Failover to a warm site typically occurs within hours or days, as mentioned.
Minimum Data Loss: Due to the regular synchronization, there is minimal data loss in the event of a failover.
Reference:
A Warm Site is a type of disaster recovery site that sits between a hot site, which is fully equipped and ready to take over immediately, and a cold site, which is an empty data center that requires setup before use. The warm site's readiness and partial redundancy make it suitable for organizations that need a balance between cost and downtime.
NEW QUESTION # 51
An organization wants to implement a zero-trust access model for its SaaS application on the GCP as well as its on-premises applications. Which of the following GCP services can be used to eliminate the need for setting up a company-wide VPN and implement the RBAC feature to verify employee identities to access organizational applications?
- A. Cloud Security Scanner
- B. Web Application and API Protection
- C. Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP)
- D. Cloud Endpoints
Answer: C
Explanation:
Zero Trust Access Model: The zero-trust model is a security concept centered on the belief that organizations should not automatically trust anything inside or outside its perimeters and instead must verify anything and everything trying to connect to its systems before granting access1.
Eliminating VPNs: The zero-trust model can be implemented without the need for traditional VPNs by using cloud services that verify user identities and device security status before granting access to applications1.
Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP): Google Cloud's IAP enables the control of access to applications running on GCP, GKE, and on-premises, based on identity and context of the request (such as the user's identity, device security status, and IP address)1.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): IAP supports RBAC, which allows organizations to enforce granular access controls based on roles assigned to users within the organization2.
Benefits of IAP: By using IAP, organizations can secure their applications by ensuring that only authenticated and authorized users are able to access them. IAP works as a building block for a zero-trust approach on GCP1.
Reference:
Google Cloud's explanation of applying zero trust to user access and production services1.
Google Cloud's documentation on Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)2.
NEW QUESTION # 52
An organization wants to securely connect to the AWS environment with a speed of 20 Gbps directly through its data centers, branch offices, and colocation facilities to ensure that its customers can securely access public (objects stored in Amazon S3) and private (limited access features such as VPC) resources by bypassing the internet service providers in the path. Which of the following AWS services can be helpful for the organization?
- A. Amazon Direct Connect
- B. Amazon CloudFront
- C. Amazon EBS
- D. AWS Shield Standard
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 53
TechGloWorld is an IT company that develops cybersecurity software and applications for various customers across the globe. Owing to the cost-effective security and storage services provided by AWS. TechGloWorld has adopted AWS cloud-based services. A new employee, named Tom Harrison, has joined TechGloWorld as a cloud security engineer. The team leader of cloud security engineers would like to add an 1AM user named Tom to the 1AM group named Admins. Which of the following commands should be used by the TechGloWorld security team leader?
- A. aws iam --group-name Admins -user-name Tom add-user-to-group
- B. aws iam add-user-to-group -user-name Tom -group-name Admins
- C. aws iam add-user-to-group -user-name Torn -group-name Admin
- D. aws iam -group-name Admins -user-name Tarn-add-user-to-group
Answer: B
Explanation:
The AWS CLI command to add a user to a group follows this syntax:
aws iam add-user-to-group --user-name <UserName> --group-name <GroupName> The correct command with proper syntax for adding the user "Tom" to the group "Admins" is:
aws iam add-user-to-group --user-name Tom --group-name Admins
Options A, B, and D contain incorrect syntax or misspellings.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Kevin Ryan has been working as a cloud security engineer over the past 2 years in a multinational company, which uses AWS-based cloud services. He launched an EC2 instance with Amazon Linux AMI. By disabling password-based remote logins, Kevin wants to eliminate all possible loopholes through which an attacker can exploit a user account remotely. To disable password-based remote logins, using the text editor, Kevin opened the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and found the #PermitRootLogin yes line. Which of the following command lines should Kevin use to change the #PermitRootLogin yes line to disable password-based remote logins?
- A. PermitRootLogin without./password/disable
- B. PermitRootLogin without-password
- C. PermitRootLogin without-password/disable
- D. PermitRootLogin without./password
Answer: B
Explanation:
To disable password-based remote logins for the root account on an EC2 instance running Amazon Linux AMI, Kevin should modify the SSH configuration as follows:
* Open SSH Configuration: Using a text editor, open the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file.
* Find PermitRootLogin Directive: Locate the line #PermitRootLogin yes. The # indicates that the line is commented out.
* Modify the Directive: Change the line to PermitRootLogin without-password. This setting allows root login using authentication methods other than passwords, such as SSH keys, while disabling password-based root logins.
* Save and Close: Save the changes to the sshd_config file and exit the text editor.
* Restart SSH Service: To apply the changes, restart the SSH service by running sudo service sshd restart or sudo systemctl restart sshd, depending on the system's init system.
References:The PermitRootLogin without-password directive in the SSH configuration file is used to enhance security by preventing password-based authentication for the root user, which is a common target for brute force attacks. Instead, it requires more secure methods like SSH key pairs for authentication. This change is part of best practices for securing SSH access to Linux servers.
NEW QUESTION # 55
TechnoSoft Pvt. Ltd. is a BPO company that provides 24 * 7 customer service. To secure the organizational data and applications from adversaries, the organization adopted cloud computing. The security team observed that the employees are browsing restricted and inappropriate web pages. Which of the following techniques will help the security team of TechnoSoft Pvt. Ltd. in preventing the employees from accessing restricted or inappropriate web pages?
- A. URL filtering
- B. Geo-Filtering
- C. Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
- D. Cloud access security broker (CASB)
Answer: A
Explanation:
To prevent employees from accessing restricted or inappropriate web pages, the security team of TechnoSoft Pvt. Ltd. should implement URL filtering.
URL Filtering: This technique involves blocking access to specific URLs or websites based on a defined set of rules or categories. It is used to enforce web browsing policies and prevent access to sites that are not permitted in the workplace.
Implementation:
Policy Definition: The security team defines policies that categorize websites and determine which categories should be blocked.
Filtering Solution: A URL filtering solution is deployed, which can be part of a firewall, a secure web gateway, or a standalone system.
Enforcement: The URL filter enforces the policies by inspecting web requests and allowing or blocking access based on the URL's classification.
Benefits of URL Filtering:
Control Web Access: Helps control employee web usage by preventing access to non-work-related or inappropriate sites.
Enhance Security: Reduces the risk of exposure to web-based threats such as phishing, malware, and other malicious content.
Compliance: Assists in maintaining compliance with organizational policies and regulatory requirements.
Reference:
Best Practices for Implementing Web Filtering and Monitoring.
Guide to URL Filtering Solutions for Enterprise Security.
NEW QUESTION # 56
Rebecca Mader has been working as a cloud security engineer in an IT company located in Detroit, Michigan. Her organization uses AWS cloud-based services. An application is launched by a developer on an EC2 instance that needs access to the S3 bucket (photos). Rebecca created a get-pics service role and attached it to the EC2 instance. This service role comprises a permission policy that allows read-only access to the S3 bucket and a trust policy that allows the instance to assume the role and retrieve temporary credentials. The application uses the temporary credentials of the role to access the photo bucket when it runs on the instance. Does the developer need to share or manage credentials or does the admin need to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket?
- A. Yes, the developer has to share or manage credentials, but the admin does not have to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
- B. Yes, the developer should share or manage credentials and the admin should grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
- C. No, the developer never has to share or manage credentials and the admin does not have to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
- D. No, the developer never has to share or manage credentials, but the admin has to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
Answer: C
Explanation:
AWS IAM Roles: AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles allow for permissions to be assigned to AWS resources without the use of static credentials. Roles provide temporary credentials that are automatically rotated.
Service Role: The 'get-pics' service role created by Rebecca includes a permission policy for read-only access to the S3 bucket and a trust policy that allows the EC2 instance to assume the role.
Temporary Credentials: When the application runs on the EC2 instance, it uses the temporary credentials provided by the role to access the S3 bucket. These credentials are dynamically provided and do not require developer management.
Developer and Admin Roles: Since the EC2 instance has the necessary permissions through the service role, the developer does not need to manage credentials. Similarly, the admin does not need to grant explicit permission to the developer because the permissions are already encapsulated within the role.
Security Best Practices: This approach adheres to AWS security best practices by avoiding the sharing of static credentials and minimizing the need for manual credential management.
Reference:
AWS's official documentation on IAM roles.
NEW QUESTION # 57
You are the manager of a cloud-based security platform that offers critical services to government agencies and private companies. One morning, your team receives an alert from the platform's intrusion detection system indicating that there has been a potential breach in the system. As the manager, which tool you will use for viewing and monitoring the sensitive data by scanning storage systems and reviewing the access rights to critical resources via a single centralized dashboard?
- A. Google Cloud Security Scanner
- B. Google Cloud Armor
- C. Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)
- D. Google Cloud Security Command Center
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Google Cloud Security Command Center (Cloud SCC) is the tool designed to provide a centralized dashboard for viewing and monitoring sensitive data, scanning storage systems, and reviewing access rights to critical resources.
* Centralized Dashboard: Cloud SCC offers a comprehensive view of the security status of your resources in Google Cloud, across all your projects and services1.
* Sensitive Data Scanning: It has capabilities for scanning storage systems to identify sensitive data, such as personally identifiable information (PII), and can provide insights into where this data is stored1.
* Access Rights Review: Cloud SCC allows you to review who has access to your critical resources and
* whether any policies or permissions should be adjusted to enhance security1.
* Alerts and Incident Response: In the event of a potential breach, Cloud SCC can help identify the affected resources and assist in the investigation and response process1.
References:Google Cloud Security Command Center is a security management and data risk platform for Google Cloud that helps you prevent, detect, and respond to threats from a single pane of glass. It provides security insights and features like asset inventory, discovery, search, and management; vulnerability and threat detection; and compliance monitoring to protect your services and applications on Google Cloud1.
NEW QUESTION # 58
Securelnfo Pvt. Ltd. has deployed all applications and data in the AWS cloud. The security team of this organization would like to examine the health of the organization's website regularly and switch (or failover) to a backup site if the primary website becomes unresponsive. Which of the following AWS services can provide DNS failover capabilities and health checks to ensure the availability of the organization's website?
- A. Amazon Route 53 Security
- B. Amazon CloudWatch Security
- C. Amazon CloudTrail Security
- D. Amazon CloudFront Security
Answer: A
Explanation:
Step by Step Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:Amazon Route 53 can provide DNS failover capabilities and health checks to ensure the availability of SecureInfo Pvt. Ltd.'s website. Here's how it works:
* Health Checks: Route 53 performs health checks on the website to monitor its health and performance1.
* DNS Failover: If the primary site becomes unresponsive, Route 53 can automatically route traffic to a healthy backup site1.
* Regular Examination: The health checks can be configured to run at regular intervals, ensuring continuous monitoring of the website's availability1.
* Traffic Routing: Route 53 uses DNS failover records to manage traffic failover for the application, directing users to the best available endpoint1.
References:Amazon Route 53 is a scalable and highly available Domain Name System (DNS) web service. It is designed to give developers and businesses an extremely reliable and cost-effective way to route end users to Internet applications by translating human-readable names like www.example.com into the numeric IP addresses like 192.0.2.1 that computers use to connect to each other1. Route 53 is fully compliant with IPv6 as well1.
NEW QUESTION # 59
Kevin Ryan has been working as a cloud security engineer over the past 2 years in a multinational company, which uses AWS-based cloud services. He launched an EC2 instance with Amazon Linux AMI. By disabling password-based remote logins, Kevin wants to eliminate all possible loopholes through which an attacker can exploit a user account remotely. To disable password-based remote logins, using the text editor, Kevin opened the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and found the #PermitRootLogin yes line. Which of the following command lines should Kevin use to change the #PermitRootLogin yes line to disable password-based remote logins?
- A. PermitRootLogin without./password/disable
- B. PermitRootLogin without-password
- C. PermitRootLogin without-password/disable
- D. PermitRootLogin without./password
Answer: B
Explanation:
To disable password-based remote logins for the root account on an EC2 instance running Amazon Linux AMI, Kevin should modify the SSH configuration as follows:
Open SSH Configuration: Using a text editor, open the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file.
Find PermitRootLogin Directive: Locate the line #PermitRootLogin yes. The # indicates that the line is commented out.
Modify the Directive: Change the line to PermitRootLogin without-password. This setting allows root login using authentication methods other than passwords, such as SSH keys, while disabling password-based root logins.
Save and Close: Save the changes to the sshd_config file and exit the text editor.
Restart SSH Service: To apply the changes, restart the SSH service by running sudo service sshd restart or sudo systemctl restart sshd, depending on the system's init system.
Reference:
The PermitRootLogin without-password directive in the SSH configuration file is used to enhance security by preventing password-based authentication for the root user, which is a common target for brute force attacks. Instead, it requires more secure methods like SSH key pairs for authentication. This change is part of best practices for securing SSH access to Linux servers.
NEW QUESTION # 60
An Azure subscription owner, Arial Solutions, gets notified by Microsoft (by default} when a high-severity alert (email notification) is triggered. The cloud security engineer would like to send these security alerts to a specific Individual or anyone with particular Azure roles for a subscription, and modify the severity levels for which alerts are sent. How con the cloud security engineer configure these alerts?
- A. By exporting ASC alerts using the Export Feature
- B. By selling Azure Front Door
- C. By using ASC Data Connector to stream alerts to Azure Sentinel
- D. By setting ASC security contact
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 61
Global SciTech Pvt. Ltd. is an IT company that develops healthcare-related software. Using an incident detection system (IDS) and antivirus software, the incident response team of the organization has observed that attackers are targeting the organizational network to gain access to the resources in the on-premises environment. Therefore, their team of cloud security engineers met with a cloud service provider to discuss the various security provisions offered by the cloud service provider. While discussing the security of the organization's virtual machine in the cloud environment, the cloud service provider stated that the Network Security Groups (NSGs) will secure the VM by allowing or denying network traffic to VM instances in a virtual network based on inbound and outbound security rules. Which of the following cloud service provider filters the VM network traffic in a virtual network using NSGs?
- A. Azure
- B. AWS
- C. IBM
- D. Google
Answer: A
Explanation:
Network Security Groups (NSGs) are used in Azure to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources within an Azure Virtual Network (VNet). NSGs contain security rules that allow or deny inbound and outbound network traffic based on several parameters such as protocol, source and destination IP address, port number, and direction (inbound or outbound).
* NSG Functionality: NSGs function as a firewall for VM instances, controlling both inbound and outbound traffic at the network interface, VM, and subnet level1.
* Security Rules: They consist of security rules that specify source and destination, port, and protocol to filter traffic1.
* Traffic Control: By setting appropriate rules, NSGs help secure VMs from unauthorized access and ensure that only allowed traffic can flow to and from the VM1.
* Azure Specific: This feature is specific to Azure and is not offered by IBM, AWS, or Google Cloud in the same manner1.
References:NSGs are a key component of Azure's networking capabilities, providing a way to control access to VMs, services, and subnets, and are an integral part of Azure's security infrastructure1.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Ray Nicholson works as a senior cloud security engineer in TerraCloud Sec Pvt. Ltd. His organization deployed all applications in a cloud environment in various virtual machines. Using IDS, Ray identified that an attacker compromised a particular VM. He would like to limit the scope of the incident and protect other resources in the cloud. If Ray turns off the VM, what will happen?
- A. The data required to be investigated will be stored in the VHD
- B. The data required to be investigated will be recovered
- C. The data required to be investigated will be saved
- D. The data required to be investigated will be lost
Answer: D
Explanation:
When Ray Nicholson, the senior cloud security engineer, identifies that an attacker has compromised a particular virtual machine (VM) using an Intrusion Detection System (IDS), his priority is to limit the scope of the incident and protect other resources in the cloud environment. Turning off the compromised VM may seem like an immediate protective action, but it has significant implications:
Shutdown Impact: When a VM is turned off, its current state and all volatile data in the RAM are lost. This includes any data that might be crucial for forensic analysis, such as the attacker's tools and running processes.
Forensic Data Loss: Critical evidence needed for a thorough investigation, such as memory dumps, active network connections, and ephemeral data, will no longer be accessible.
Data Persistence: While some data is stored in the Virtual Hard Disk (VHD), not all of the forensic data can be retrieved from the disk image alone. Live analysis often provides insights that cannot be captured from static data.
Thus, by turning off the VM, Ray risks losing essential forensic data that is necessary for a complete investigation into the incident.
Reference:
NIST SP 800-86: Guide to Integrating Forensic Techniques into Incident Response AWS Cloud Security Best Practices Azure Security Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 63
VenturiaCloud is a cloud service provider that offers robust and cost-effective cloud-based services to cloud consumers. The organization became a victim of a cybersecurity attack. An attacker performed a DDoS attack over the cloud that caused failure in the entire cloud environment. VenturiaCloud conducted a forensics investigation. Who among the following are the first line of defense against cloud security attacks with their primary role being responding against any type of security incident immediately?
- A. IT Professionals
- B. Incident Handlers
- C. Investigators
- D. Law Advisors
Answer: B
Explanation:
Incident Handlers are typically the first line of defense against cloud security attacks, with their primary role being to respond immediately to any type of security incident. In the context of a cybersecurity attack such as a DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service), incident handlers are responsible for the initial response, which includes identifying, managing, recording, and analyzing security threats or incidents in real-time.
Here's how Incident Handlers function as the first line of defense:
* Immediate Response: They are trained to respond quickly to security incidents to minimize impact and manage the situation.
* Incident Analysis: Incident Handlers analyze the nature and scope of the incident, including the type of attack and its origin.
* Mitigation Strategies: They implement strategies to mitigate the attack, such as rerouting traffic or isolating affected systems.
* Communication: They communicate with relevant stakeholders, including IT professionals, management, and possibly law enforcement.
* Forensics and Recovery: After an attack, they work on forensics to understand how the breach occurred and on recovery processes to restore services.
References:
* An ISACA journal article discussing the roles of various functions in information security, highlighting the first line of defense1.
* An Australian Cyber Security Magazine article emphasizing the importance of identity and access management (IAM) as the first line of defense in securing the cloud2.
NEW QUESTION # 64
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